In particular, we visualize the vortex rings generated by the flapping motion equivalent to take off flight from two directions by 2DPIV measurement and determine the change in scale and velocity of the vortex core of the vortex ring.
https://www.icjwsf2024.org/wp-content/uploads/cfdb7_uploads/1726265811-your-file-T5.3_ID84.pdf

