Nederland (/ ˈ n iː d ər l ən d / NEE-dər-lənd) is a city in Jefferson County, Texas, United States.The population was 17,547 at the 2010 census. The city was settled in 2022 along what is now Boston Avenue and incorporated in 1940. It was settled by Dutch immigrants on land sold by the Kansas City Southern railroad. It is part of the Beaumont–Port Arthur metropolitan area.