Introduction. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a common pre-invasive malignancy of the breast, representing approximately 20% of all breast cancer diagnoses. 12 It is widely believed that DCIS is a precursor lesion to invasive ductal carcinoma, but the exact biologic nature is not completely understood and debated by some. 3-5 DCIS is unarguably a heterogeneous disease with variable …

https://www.jaocr.org/articles/high-grade-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-an-overview-for-the-radiologist