Spontaneous Reactions and Free Energy | CK-12 Foundation

August 8, 2025

When ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative, the sign of ΔG will always be positive, and the reaction can never be spontaneous. This corresponds to both driving forces working against product formation.

https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-chemistry-intermediate/section/20.2/

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